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The Year in Review: Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease 2021

Faith J Ross1, Denise C Joffe1, Leah M Landsem1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.

Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
|May 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This review covers 2021 literature for anesthesiologists managing congenital heart disease patients. Key topics include COVID-19 in pediatric cardiovascular disease, aortic valve procedures, coagulation, and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) requires specialized anesthetic care.
  • Advances in CHD management necessitate updated clinical knowledge.
  • The year 2021 saw significant research relevant to CHD anesthesiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize key literature from 2021 for anesthesiologists.
  • To highlight advancements in four critical areas of CHD care.
  • To provide an accessible summary of recent findings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of publications from the calendar year 2021.
  • Focus on studies relevant to the perioperative care of pediatric and adult CHD patients.
  • Thematic analysis of selected research.

Main Results:

  • Significant findings were identified in pediatric cardiovascular disease and COVID-19.
  • Current literature on aortic valve repair and replacement techniques was analyzed.
  • Research on bleeding, coagulation, and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in CHD was summarized.

Conclusions:

  • Anesthesiologists must stay abreast of evolving research in CHD.
  • Key areas like COVID-19, valve interventions, hemostasis, and ERAS impact CHD patient outcomes.
  • This review synthesizes crucial 2021 literature to support clinical practice.

Keywords:
anesthesiaaortic valvebleedingcardiac surgerycoagulationcongenital heart diseasecorona virus 2019enhanced recovery after surgerypediatric cardiologyresearch

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