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Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Apoptosis Induction and Detection in a Primary Culture of Sea Cucumber Intestinal Cells
Published on: January 21, 2020
Apoptosis-inducing Metabolite from Marine Mangrove Actinobacteria VITGAP173
Ajitha Gomathi1,2, Manikandan Alagumuthu3, Pavan K J G Sai1,4
1Department of Biotechnology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore - 14, Tamil Nadu, India.
Background:
Marine actinobacteria have proven to be a remarkable source of bioactive metabolites.
Methods:
The present study focused on the isolation of anticancer metabolites from marine actinobacteria. Streptomyces sp. VITGAP173 was found to have promising anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7).
Results:
Bioassay-guided fractionation was followed to identify the bioactive metabolites from crude ethyl acetate extract of VITGAP173, which yielded four fractions. Fraction B exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell lines among the four fractions. Further structural characterization of the fraction was done by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. The fraction-2 induced cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell lines and the half maximal inhibition (IC50) value was calculated as 4.7 μg/ml. To elucidate the possible mechanism of cell death, MCF-7 cells were treated with fraction-2 for 24 hours and the morphological changes were examined using acridine orange - ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. The fraction also increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (Flow cytometry, DCFHDA). The molecular mechanism of fraction-induced cell death was analysed by real-time PCR, which revealed that the fraction promotes apoptosis through the CHOP-ATF-4 pathway involved in ER stress signalling.
Conclusion:
The present findings suggested the apoptosis-inducing potential of fraction-2 in breast cancer therapy.
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