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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Understanding and Combatting Shigella Infections
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Shigella-Controlled Human Infection Models: Current and Future Perspectives.

Kristen A Clarkson1, Chad K Porter2, Kawsar R Talaat3

  • 1Department of Diarrheal Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|May 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Controlled human infection models (CHIMs) for Shigella accelerate vaccine development against infectious diarrhea. These models offer unique insights into shigellosis, aiding the creation of new solutions to combat this global health issue.

Keywords:
Challenge modelCorrelates of protectionDiarrheaDysenteryImmune responseShigellaShigellosisVaccineflexnerisonnei

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Shigella causes a leading global diarrheal disease, impacting all ages, particularly children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
  • Shigellosis in children leads to stunting, perpetuating cycles of poor health and socioeconomic disadvantage.
  • Existing animal and in vitro models have limitations in fully understanding Shigella infection and immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical role of Shigella-controlled human infection models (CHIMs) in advancing vaccine research.
  • To emphasize the unique insights CHIMs provide into Shigella infection mechanisms and host immunity.
  • To advocate for the refinement and expansion of Shigella-CHIMs for developing effective countermeasures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing controlled human infection models (CHIMs) with Shigella.
  • Evaluating enteric countermeasures in early-stage development.
  • Investigating mechanisms of Shigella infection and host immune responses.

Main Results:

  • Shigella-CHIMs facilitate efficient evaluation and selection of promising vaccine candidates.
  • These models provide unparalleled insights into infection and immunity not achievable with traditional methods.
  • CHIMs contribute to a deeper understanding of shigellosis pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Shigella-CHIMs are invaluable tools for vaccine development against shigellosis.
  • Enhanced understanding from CHIMs drives innovation for next-generation solutions.
  • Improving and expanding safe, reproducible CHIMs can lead to effective interventions against Shigella-related diseases.