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Hepatitis A in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a comprehensive review
Selim Badur1, Serdar Öztürk1, Mohammad AbdelGhany2
1GSK, Istanbul, Turkey.
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|May 26, 2022
Summary
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) remains a significant threat in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. While seroprevalence decreases, rising infection age necessitates targeted vaccination and improved sanitation to curb disease burden.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) faces a data gap regarding Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) epidemiology despite high population mobility.
- HAV is a significant cause of acute viral hepatitis within the EMR.
Approach:
- A systematic literature review of MEDLINE and grey literature was conducted.
- Data from 1980 to 2020 were analyzed for HAV epidemiology in the EMR.
- 123 publications were included in the analysis.
Key Points:
- HAV proportion among acute viral hepatitis cases was high.
- HAV seroprevalence ranged from 5.7% to 100.0%, showing a decreasing trend over time.
- The average age of HAV infection has increased.
Conclusions:
- HAV continues to be a major public health concern in the EMR.
- An epidemiological shift towards older ages at infection may increase disease burden.
- Vaccination of children and at-risk groups, alongside sanitation improvements, is crucial for prevention.
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