Is orthognathic surgery indicated for wind instrument players? A multiple case study.

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Music Performance
• Orthodontics

Background:

• Severe malocclusion presents challenges for wind instrument players.
• Orthognathic surgery is a potential treatment option, but its impact on musicians is not well-understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the considerations and outcomes of orthognathic surgery for advanced and professional wind instrumentalists.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with seven wind instrumentalists.
• Interviews conducted using a standardized questionnaire.
• Analysis of interview data by two experienced embouchure researchers.

Main Results:

• An ideal jaw relationship is not essential for a professional music career.
• Surgery can lead to complete embouchure loss due to altered incisor/lip/tongue position and neurosensory changes.
• Rehabilitation and neurosensory recovery take at least six months, with success in 3 of 5 cases.
• Reported playing difficulties include note onset, high notes, leaps, intervals, and sound stability/tuning.

Conclusions:

• Orthognathic surgery carries substantial risks for wind instrumentalists.
• Surgery should be reserved for cases with clear oral health indications.
• The potential negative impact on musical performance necessitates careful consideration.