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Related Experiment Videos

Flow limitation in upper-airway obstruction. Theoretical analysis.

J M Bogaard, K H Pauw, A Versprille

    ORL; Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Its Related Specialties
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Flow limitation during maximal expiration normally occurs. However, in patients with conditions like bilateral vocal cord paralysis, high upper-airway resistance prevents this, making airflow effort-dependent throughout the maneuver.

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    Area of Science:

    • Respiratory Physiology
    • Pulmonary Mechanics

    Background:

    • During maximal forced expiration, normal subjects experience flow limitation, where airflow becomes independent of muscular effort.
    • Upper-airway obstruction can reduce airflow, potentially preventing the development of flow limitation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically investigate if glottic resistance prevents flow limitation in normal subjects.
    • To determine if measured glottic resistance in patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis prevents flow limitation.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of flow limitation during forced expiration.
    • Measurement of glottic resistance characteristics in patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis.

    Main Results:

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  • Glottic resistance does not prevent flow limitation in normal human subjects.
  • Mean glottic resistance in patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis was found to prevent flow limitation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Upper-airway obstruction, particularly in conditions like bilateral vocal cord paralysis, can prevent flow limitation during forced expiration.
    • In such patients, airflow may remain effort-dependent for a greater portion of the expiratory maneuver compared to normal individuals.