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Exendin-4 as a Versatile Therapeutic Agent for the Amelioration of Diabetic Changes
Hadi Rajabi1, Mahdi Ahmadi2, Somayeh Aslani3
1Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Abstract:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic abnormality leading to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Non-insulin Incretin mimic synthetic peptide exendin-4 was introduced as an anti-diabetic drug which helped diabetic patients with triggering insulin secretion; further researches have revealed an effective role of exendin-4 in treatment of T2DM related diseases. Exendin-4 is approximately similar to Glucagon-like peptide, thus it can bind to the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and activated different signaling pathways that are involved in various bioactivities such as apoptosis, insulin secretion and inactivation of microglial. In this review, we investigated the interesting role of exendin-4 in various kinds of T2DM related disorders through the activation of different signaling pathways.
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