Structural Conformation Comparison of Different Clear Aligner Systems: An In Vitro Study

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Orthodontics
• Materials Engineering

Background:

• Clear aligners are increasingly popular orthodontic devices.
• Understanding the material properties of different clear aligner systems is crucial for clinical success.
• Comparative studies are needed to evaluate the structural and compositional differences among leading clear aligner brands.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate and compare the structural conformations, material properties, and surface characteristics of Eon, SureSmile, Clarity, and Invisalign clear aligner systems.
• To assess the impact of artificial saliva exposure on these properties.
• To provide insights into material choices for orthodontic treatment.

Main Methods:

• Four clear aligner systems (Invisalign, Eon, SureSmile, Clarity) were tested.
• Specimens were exposed to artificial saliva for two weeks.
• Vickers hardness testing was performed.
• Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were utilized for material analysis.

Main Results:

• No statistically significant differences in hardness were found among the four systems.
• FTIR analysis confirmed all systems are polyurethane-based, with minor molecular composition variations.
• SEM revealed Invisalign had a smoother surface compared to Eon, SureSmile, and Clarity.
• Statistically significant differences in carbon weight percentages were observed.

Conclusions:

• All evaluated clear aligner systems exhibit comparable hardness and a polyurethane-based material composition.
• Minor structural and surface differences exist, with Invisalign showing a smoother surface.
• These findings suggest a range of suitable options for orthodontic treatment based on patient needs.