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CircRNA: An emerging star in the progression of glioma
Dazhao Peng1, Lin Luo2, Xiaoyang Zhang1
1Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
Abstract:
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of single-stranded noncoding RNAs with a covalently closed loop structure, are recognized as promising biomarkers and targets for diagnosing and treating dozens of diseases, especially cancers. CircRNAs are extremely stable, abundant and conserved and have tissue- or developmental stage-specific expression. Currently, the biogenesis and biological functions of circRNAs have been increasingly revealed with deep sequencing and bioinformatics. Studies have indicated that circRNAs are frequently expressed in brain tissues and that their expression levels change in different stages of neural development, suggesting that circRNAs may play an important role in diseases of the nervous system, such as glioma. However, because the biogenesis and functions of circRNAs do not depend on a single mechanism but are coregulated by multiple factors, it is necessary to further explore the underlying mechanisms. In this review, we summarized the classification, mechanisms of biogenesis and biological functions of circRNAs. Meanwhile, we emphatically expounded on the process of abnormal expression of circRNAs, methods used in circRNA research, and their effects on the malignant biological capabilities of glioma.
Insights
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable molecules implicated in diseases like cancer. This review explores circRNA functions, biogenesis, and their role in glioma progression.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with a unique closed-loop structure.
- They are stable, abundant, conserved, and exhibit tissue-specific expression patterns.
- circRNAs are increasingly recognized as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for various diseases, including cancers and neurological disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the classification, biogenesis mechanisms, and biological functions of circRNAs.
- To discuss the abnormal expression of circRNAs in disease contexts.
- To highlight the role of circRNAs in glioma and explore research methodologies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on circRNAs.
- Bioinformatic analysis and deep sequencing data interpretation.
- Exploration of molecular mechanisms underlying circRNA regulation and function.
Main Results:
- circRNAs are frequently found in brain tissues and show dynamic expression during neural development.
- Abnormal circRNA expression is linked to the development and progression of neurological diseases like glioma.
- circRNAs influence the malignant biological capabilities of glioma cells.
Conclusions:
- circRNAs play significant roles in the nervous system, particularly in glioma pathogenesis.
- Further research into circRNA biogenesis and function is crucial for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
- Understanding circRNA mechanisms is essential for targeting diseases like glioma effectively.
