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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

64
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
64
Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests01:24

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests

55
Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
55
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

86
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
86
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

103
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
103
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

109
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
109
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

168
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
168

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis in Rats - a Simple, Feasible Animal Model to Induce Septic Acute Kidney Injury
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Standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis in Rats - a Simple, Feasible Animal Model to Induce Septic Acute Kidney Injury

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Plasma Free Thiol Levels during Early Sepsis Predict Future Renal Function Decline.

Elisabeth C van der Slikke1, Lisanne Boekhoud1, Arno R Bourgonje2

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Lower plasma free thiol levels in sepsis patients indicate increased oxidative stress and are linked to major adverse kidney events, including long-term decline and survival. This highlights oxidative stress

Keywords:
acute kidney injury (AKI)free thiolsoxidative stressreactive oxygen species (ROS)sepsis

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Transdermal Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Mice
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Standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis in Rats - a Simple, Feasible Animal Model to Induce Septic Acute Kidney Injury
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Sepsis frequently causes acute kidney injury (AKI), increasing mortality.
  • Oxidative stress is a key factor in sepsis-related AKI pathogenesis.
  • Plasma free thiols (R-SH) are antioxidants reflecting systemic oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate serum free thiol concentrations in sepsis patients.
  • To correlate these levels with major adverse kidney events (MAKE).

Main Methods:

  • Adult non-trauma patients with suspected infection were enrolled.
  • Plasma free thiols and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) were measured at baseline and follow-up.
  • Logistic regression analyzed associations with MAKE90 and MAKE365.

Main Results:

  • Sepsis patients had lower plasma free thiol levels and higher IMA during hospitalization compared to 3 months and 1 year post-admission.
  • Lower baseline plasma free thiols were inversely associated with MAKE90 and MAKE365.
  • Plasma free thiols independently predicted MAKE365 after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced plasma free thiols and elevated IMA confirm oxidative stress in sepsis-AKI.
  • Plasma free thiols serve as a potential biomarker for predicting adverse kidney outcomes in sepsis.