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Autologous Blood Doping Induced Changes in Red Blood Cell Rheologic Parameters, RBC Age Distribution, and

Marijke Grau1, Emily Zollmann1, Janina Bros1

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany.

Biology
|May 28, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autologous blood doping (ABD) alters red blood cell (RBC) profiles, increasing young RBCs and improving running economy. These changes suggest potential detection markers for this banned athletic practice.

Keywords:
autologous blood dopingexercise performancered blood cell agered blood cell rheologic parametersred blood cells

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Hematology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Autologous blood doping (ABD) is a prohibited practice in sports, assumed to enhance athletic performance.
  • Current detection methods for ABD are limited, despite its potential use by athletes.
  • Understanding hematological and hemorheological changes is crucial for developing detection strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hematological and hemorheological alterations throughout the ABD procedure.
  • To correlate these changes with athletic exercise performance.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for ABD detection.

Main Methods:

  • A 31-week protocol involving blood donation and autologous transfusion (7.7% of total blood volume) in eight healthy males.
  • Longitudinal measurements of blood parameters, rheological properties, RBC membrane proteins, and electrolyte levels.
  • Exercise performance tests conducted pre- and post-transfusion.

Main Results:

  • ABD led to a higher percentage of young red blood cells (RBCs).
  • RBC deformability and electrolyte concentrations were altered by the procedure.
  • RBC membrane proteins remained unaffected, but running economy improved post-transfusion.

Conclusions:

  • ABD significantly impacts RBC subpopulations and hemorheological properties.
  • Observed changes in RBC variables may offer feasible avenues for ABD detection.
  • Further detailed studies are required to validate these findings for reliable detection.