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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

67
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

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Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
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Dynamic Proteomic and miRNA Analysis of Polysomes from Isolated Mouse Heart After Langendorff Perfusion
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Transcriptomal Insights of Heart Failure from Normality to Recovery.

Mohammed Quttainah1, Vineesh Vimala Raveendran1, Soad Saleh1

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.

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This study identified unique gene expression patterns in progressive heart failure (HF) stages using a sheep model. These findings reveal potential molecular targets for future HF management strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Current heart failure (HF) management focuses on symptom control and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
  • Precise treatments require deeper understanding of genetic and molecular targets in HF progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate transcriptome changes during chronic progressive HF using a sheep model.
  • To identify novel molecular targets for HF management.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of pressure overload via aortic banding in 15 sheep (Ovis aries).
  • Monitoring of LV function using echocardiography and collection of endomyocardial biopsies.
  • RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of gene expression across hypertrophy, dilatation, failure, and recovery stages.

Main Results:

  • Distinct transcriptomic profiles were identified for each HF stage (hypertrophy, dilatation, failure).
  • Significant changes in gene expression were observed: 256 in failure, 210 in hypertrophy, and 73 in dilatation.
  • LV recovery post-pressure overload removal showed gene expression comparable to the control stage.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified stage-specific gene expression patterns in a progressive HF model.
  • Novel genes potentially involved in HF etiology were discovered.
  • These findings suggest potential future therapeutic targets for managing heart failure.