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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.1K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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The Multiple Myeloma Landscape: Epigenetics and Non-Coding RNAs.

Isabel F Coira1,2, Rafael Rincón1,2, Muriel Cuendet1,2

  • 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

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|May 28, 2022
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Summary

Multiple myeloma (MM) is challenging to treat. Epigenetic factors and non-coding RNAs are key to MM development, offering new therapeutic targets for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
CRISPR-Caslong non-coding RNAmicroRNAmultiple myelomanon-coding RNA

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Area of Science:

  • Oncohematology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable hematologic malignancy.
  • Advances in understanding MM molecular basis are crucial for new treatments.
  • Epigenetic factors and non-coding RNAs play significant roles in MM pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on epigenetics in multiple myeloma.
  • To summarize the role of non-coding RNAs in MM pathogenesis.
  • To highlight novel therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic modifications and non-coding RNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on epigenetics and non-coding RNAs in MM.
  • Analysis of genome-wide data identifying key molecular players.
  • Examination of emerging therapeutic technologies like CRISPR-Cas.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic factors beyond methylation and acetylation are implicated in MM.
  • Non-coding RNA dysregulation is a critical aspect of MM development.
  • CRISPR-Cas and other molecular techniques offer potential for innovative MM therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetics and non-coding RNAs represent promising avenues for MM research.
  • Targeting these molecular pathways could lead to improved treatment outcomes for MM patients.
  • Further investigation into these mechanisms is essential for developing effective therapies.