Substrate Selectivity of a Novel Amylo-α-1,6-glucosidase from Thermococcus gammatolerans STB12

Amylo-α-1,6-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.33, AMY) exhibits hydrolytic activity towards α-1,6-glycosidic bonds of branched substrates. The debranching products of maltodextrin, waxy corn starch and cassava starch treated with AMY, pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41, PUL) and isoamylase (EC 3.2.1.68, ISO), were investigated and their differences in substrate selectivity and debranching efficiency were compared. AMY had a preference for the branched structure with medium-length chains, and the optimal debranching length was DP 13-24. Its optimum debranching length was shorter than ISO (DP 25-36). In addition, the debranching rate of maltodextrin treated by AMY for 6 h was 80%, which was 20% higher than that of ISO. AMY could decompose most of the polymerized amylopectin in maltodextrin into short amylose and oligosaccharides, while it could only decompose the polymerized amylopectin in starch into branched glucan chains and long amylose. Furthermore, the successive use of AMY and β-amylase increased the hydrolysis rate of maltodextrin from 68% to 86%. Therefore, AMY with high substrate selectivity and a high catalytic capacity could be used synergistically with other enzyme preparations to improve substrate utilization and reduce reaction time. Importantly, the development of a novel AMY provides an effective choice to meet different production requirements.