Two Novel Variants of WDR26 in Chinese Patients with Intellectual Disability

Skraban-Deardorff syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by variants in the WDR26 gene. Here, we report two Chinese patients diagnosed with Skraban-Deardorff syndrome caused by novel de novo, heterozygous pathogenic WDR26 variants c.977delA (p. 12 N326Ifs*2) and c.1020-2A>G (p. R340Sfs*29). Their clinical features were characterized by intellectual disability (ID), developmental delay, abnormal facial features and the absence of early-onset seizure, which expands the phenotype spectrum associated with Skraban-Deardorff syndrome. By comparing our cases with current reported cases of WDR26-related intellectual disability, we suggest that developmental delay, particularly in speech, and facial features including rounded palpebral fissures, depressed nasal root, full nasal tip and abnormal gums, represent the prominent clinical phenotypes for diagnosis of Skraban-Deardorff syndrome. Together, WDR26 variants and 1q41q42 deletions should feature prominently on the differential diagnosis of ID with distinctive facial features.