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Related Experiment Video

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Fast, Direct Dihydrouracil Quantitation in Human Saliva: Method Development, Validation, and Application.

Beatrice Campanella1, Tommaso Lomonaco2, Edoardo Benedetti3

  • 1National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds-ICCOM, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Dihydrouracil (DHU) is not a primary salivary metabolite, but its levels can indicate metabolic disorders or chemotherapy effects. Direct saliva analysis using RP-HPLC-UV offers a simple, non-invasive screening method.

Keywords:
chemotherapy metabolitedihydrouracilhigh-performance liquid chromatographysaliva

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolomics
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Saliva analysis is a minimally invasive method for health monitoring.
  • Dihydrouracil (DHU) is a pyrimidine metabolite found in various bodily fluids.
  • Accurate DHU quantification aids in identifying risks for fluoropyrimidine toxicity and inborn metabolic errors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a direct method for quantifying dihydrouracil (DHU) in saliva.
  • To assess DHU levels in healthy individuals and cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
  • To establish saliva as a viable medium for non-invasive DHU monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (RP-HPLC-UV) was employed.
  • The method was validated for direct DHU determination in saliva.
  • Analysis was performed on 176 samples from healthy volunteers and 4 from cancer patients.

Main Results:

  • DHU concentrations in all analyzed saliva samples were at or below the μmol L⁻¹ range.
  • These findings confirm DHU is not the primary metabolite in saliva, consistent with LC-MS/MS studies.
  • No significant DHU increase was observed in cancer patients post-chemotherapy within the study's scope.

Conclusions:

  • Direct salivary DHU determination using RP-HPLC-UV is a feasible, rapid, and cost-effective screening approach.
  • While DHU is not a main salivary metabolite, its levels can still signal metabolic dysfunctions or treatment responses.
  • This method supports non-invasive monitoring for potential health issues using widely available instrumentation.