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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

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Circulating Monocyte Subsets and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Fanny Lassalle1, Mickael Rosa1, Bart Staels1

  • 1Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) impacts monocyte behavior, influencing inflammation and clotting after treating severe aortic valve stenosis (AVS). This review explores TAVR

Keywords:
aortic valve stenosisinflammationmonocyte subsetsmonocytesshear stressthromboinflammationtranscatheter aortic valve replacement

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Severe aortic valve stenosis (AVS), common in the elderly, is linked to inflammation and disturbed blood flow with high shear stress.
  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) restores normal hemodynamics but carries risks of bleeding and thrombosis, with unclear mechanisms.
  • Thromboinflammation, involving monocytes, links blood coagulation and inflammation, making TAVR a model to study shear stress effects on monocytes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on the impact of TAVR on monocyte phenotype and subset distribution.
  • To explore the association between TAVR-induced monocyte changes and clinical outcomes in severe AVS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review focusing on studies investigating TAVR, monocyte behavior, and clinical outcomes.
  • Analysis of research examining shear stress effects on human monocyte phenotype and subset repartition post-TAVR.

Main Results:

  • TAVR significantly alters monocyte phenotype and subset distribution, influencing key mediators of inflammation and hemostasis.
  • These TAVR-induced monocyte changes are associated with postprocedural bleeding or thrombotic complications.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for mitigating TAVR-related adverse events.

Conclusions:

  • TAVR profoundly impacts monocyte dynamics, highlighting their role in post-procedural thromboinflammation.
  • Further research into shear stress-mediated monocyte alterations is warranted to improve patient outcomes after TAVR for severe AVS.