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High-resolution Respirometry to Measure Mitochondrial Function of Intact Beta Cells in the Presence of Natural Compounds
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Mitochondria-Mediated Cardiovascular Benefits of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors

Siarhei A Dabravolski1, Alexander D Zhuravlev2, Andrey G Kartuesov3

  • 1Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine [UO VGAVM], 7/11 Dovatora str., 210026 Vitebsk, Belarus.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiovascular health by targeting mitochondrial function. These drugs reduce mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, offering cardioprotection for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular trials show SGLT2 inhibitors reduce adverse events in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms behind these cardioprotective effects remain largely unknown.
  • Mitochondria play a critical role in cellular energy and function, and their dysfunction is implicated in cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mitochondria-mediated molecular mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of how SGLT2 inhibitors impact mitochondrial function.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of SGLT2 inhibitors for T2DM and cardiovascular diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on molecular mechanisms.
  • Analysis of studies investigating SGLT2 inhibitor effects on mitochondria.
  • Synthesis of current research on mitochondrial dysfunction, dynamics, bioenergetics, and ion homeostasis.

Main Results:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction and improve mitochondrial dynamics.
  • These agents enhance mitochondrial bioenergetics and restore ion homeostasis.
  • SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, contributing to cardioprotection.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors exert beneficial cardiovascular effects through mitochondria-targeted mechanisms.
  • Improving mitochondrial health is a key pathway for SGLT2 inhibitor-mediated cardioprotection.
  • SGLT2 inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic strategy for managing both T2DM and cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords:
SGLT2 inhibitorscardiovascular diseasesdapagliflozindiabetes mellitusempagliflozinmitochondria

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