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Related Concept Videos

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Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Subcellular Fractionation for the Isolation of Synaptic Components from the Murine Brain
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Phase-Separated Subcellular Compartmentation and Related Human Diseases.

Lin Zhang1, Shubo Wang1, Wenmeng Wang1

  • 1College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) organizes cells by forming biomolecular condensates. Aberrant LLPS contributes to diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration.

Keywords:
human diseasesliquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS)membraneless organellesphase-separated condensates

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Proteins and nucleic acids form dynamic, phase-separated biomolecular condensates via multivalent interactions.
  • Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a fundamental mechanism for intracellular organization, regulating membraneless organelles and condensates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the properties of membraneless organelles and condensates.
  • To discuss biological processes regulated by phase separation.
  • To exemplify the role of aberrant LLPS in human diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of LLPS.
  • Analysis of biomolecular condensate properties.
  • Examination of disease-associated LLPS dysregulation.

Main Results:

  • LLPS governs the assembly and composition of numerous cellular condensates.
  • Altered physiological conditions or mutations can lead to aberrant condensate formation, maturation, or gelation.
  • Dysregulated LLPS is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders and cancers.

Conclusions:

  • LLPS is a critical cellular process with significant implications for health and disease.
  • Understanding LLPS mechanisms is key to developing therapeutic strategies for diseases linked to aberrant phase separation.