Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

15.2K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
15.2K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

15.1K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
15.1K
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

12.5K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
12.5K
Other Glycolytic Pathways01:24

Other Glycolytic Pathways

238
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) operates in parallel with glycolysis, facilitating the metabolism of both pentoses and glucose. This pathway consists of two distinct phases: the oxidative and non-oxidative phases. While it does not directly generate ATP, the intermediates formed during the process can integrate into glycolysis, contributing to cellular energy metabolism when required.Oxidative Phase: NADPH ProductionThe oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway is primarily...
238
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

3.7K
The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
3.7K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

4.6K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
4.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Corrigendum to "Negative modulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by epigallocatechin-3 gallate leads to growth arrest and apoptosis in human malignant pleural mesothelioma cells" [Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA) Mol. Basis Dis. 1832(12) (2013) 2085-2096].

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease·2026
Same author

Polydatin reactivates mitochondrial bioenergetics and mitophagy while preventing premature senescence by modulating microRNA-155 and its direct targets in human fibroblasts with trisomy 21.

Free radical biology & medicine·2025
Same author

Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Different Pathophysiological Conditions 4.0.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

Long-term durability of dolutegravir plus darunavir/cobicistat dual regimen in highly antiretroviral-experienced people with HIV (DoDaco study).

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2025
Same author

Adherence and Forgiveness of Two Modern ART Regimens: Lamivudine/Dolutegravir and Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide/Rilpivirine.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)·2025
Same author

Pharmacological inhibition of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor restores abnormal brain mitochondrial CB1 receptor expression and rescues bioenergetic and cognitive defects in a female mouse model of Rett syndrome.

Molecular autism·2024
Same journal

RETRACTED: Kim et al. The Angiogenesis Inhibitor ALS-L1023 from Lemon-Balm Leaves Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through Regulating the Visceral Adipose-Tissue Function. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2017, <i>18</i>, 846.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Mahmud et al. Thymoquinone Attenuates NF-κβ Signalling Activation in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Under AMD-Mimicking Conditions. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2025, <i>26</i>, 11473.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Borovikov et al. The Twisting and Untwisting of Actin and Tropomyosin Filaments Are Involved in the Molecular Mechanisms of Muscle Contraction, and Their Disruption Can Result in Muscle Disorders. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci</i>. 2025, <i>26</i>, 6705.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Molagoda et al. Flavonoid Glycosides from <i>Ziziphus jujuba</i> var. <i>inermis</i> (Bunge) Rehder Seeds Inhibit α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Mediated Melanogenesis. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2021, <i>22</i>, 7701.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Guo et al. Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Maize Roots Under Lead Stress. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2024, <i>25</i>, 6050.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Chang et al. Improvement of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Hepatic Failure by Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Without Reprogramming Factor c-Myc. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2012, <i>13</i>, 3598-3617.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Author Spotlight: New Insights into PBMC Mitochondrial Responses Using Fluorespirometry
07:18

Author Spotlight: New Insights into PBMC Mitochondrial Responses Using Fluorespirometry

Published on: May 24, 2024

1.2K

Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Different Pathophysiological Conditions 2.0.

Daniela Valenti1, Anna Atlante1

  • 1Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM)-CNR, Via G. Amendola122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondria are more than just cell powerhouses; they are dynamic signaling platforms crucial for cell metabolism, proliferation, and survival. This research explores their multifaceted roles in cellular functions.

More Related Videos

Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer
08:37

Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer

Published on: November 15, 2024

405
Real-Time Measurement of the Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Profile of Neutrophils
09:39

Real-Time Measurement of the Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Profile of Neutrophils

Published on: June 2, 2023

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Author Spotlight: New Insights into PBMC Mitochondrial Responses Using Fluorespirometry
07:18

Author Spotlight: New Insights into PBMC Mitochondrial Responses Using Fluorespirometry

Published on: May 24, 2024

1.2K
Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer
08:37

Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer

Published on: November 15, 2024

405
Real-Time Measurement of the Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Profile of Neutrophils
09:39

Real-Time Measurement of the Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Profile of Neutrophils

Published on: June 2, 2023

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics

Background:

  • Mitochondria, traditionally viewed as cellular powerhouses, are now recognized as complex signaling hubs.
  • Their roles extend beyond energy production to encompass critical cellular processes.

Discussion:

  • Mitochondria form a dynamic network influencing cell metabolism, proliferation, and survival.
  • These organelles act as key signaling platforms within eukaryotic cells.

Key Insights:

  • Mitochondria's multifaceted roles in cell signaling are central to cellular health.
  • Understanding mitochondrial dynamics is key to comprehending cell survival and proliferation.

Outlook:

  • Further research into mitochondrial signaling platforms will illuminate novel therapeutic targets.
  • Exploring the dynamic nature of mitochondria offers insights into cellular regulation.