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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Bioprinting Cellularized Constructs Using a Tissue-specific Hydrogel Bioink
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Towards 3D Bioprinted Spinal Cord Organoids.

Yilin Han1, Marianne King2, Evgenii Tikhomirov3

  • 1Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 815, SE-751 08 Uppsala, Sweden.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Boundary cap neural crest stem cells (BC) can survive and differentiate in 3D bioprinted scaffolds, enabling spinal cord organoid fabrication. Gelatin-based hydrogels support cell viability but require optimization for uniform neural differentiation.

Keywords:
bioprintingcell differentiationcell survivalhydrogelneural stem cell

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) organoids are valuable for disease modeling and therapeutic development.
  • Boundary cap neural crest stem cells (BC) promote neural survival and differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess BC cell survival and differentiation in gelatin-based 3D bioprinted scaffolds.
  • To establish a technology for fabricating spinal cord organoids on a chip.
  • To evaluate the applicability of the bioprinting protocol for human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural cells.

Main Methods:

  • Testing various bioink and cross-linked material combinations.
  • Analyzing BC cell survival within 3D scaffolds.
  • Bioprinting human iPSC-derived neural precursors and astrocytes using a protocol optimized for BC cells.

Main Results:

  • The gelatin-based, enzymatically cross-linked hydrogel supports BC cell survival and differentiation.
  • The bioprinting protocol is effective for human iPSC-derived neural cells.
  • Neural differentiation was more pronounced in peripheral regions of the constructs compared to central areas.

Conclusions:

  • Gelatin-based hydrogels are suitable bioinks for creating multicellular, bioprinted spinal cord organoids.
  • Further optimization is needed to achieve uniform neural differentiation throughout the organoid constructs.