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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE in C57BL/6 Mice
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Bone Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Valeria Rella1, Cinzia Rotondo1, Alberto Altomare1

  • 1Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause significant bone problems like osteoporosis and avascular necrosis. This review covers SLE bone issues, their causes, diagnosis, and treatments.

Keywords:
avascular necrosisosteomyelitisosteoporosissystemic lupus erythematosus

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with diverse clinical presentations.
  • Immune system dysregulation, influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors, drives SLE.
  • Bone complications are a major source of morbidity and disability in SLE patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review bone manifestations in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • To explore the underlying etiopathogenetic mechanisms of bone involvement in SLE.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches and current treatment options for bone complications in SLE.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on SLE and bone health.
  • Analysis of clinical data regarding bone manifestations in SLE patients.
  • Synthesis of information on immunological and etiological factors affecting bone in SLE.

Main Results:

  • SLE patients exhibit higher rates of osteoporosis, avascular necrosis, and osteomyelitis.
  • Improved SLE survival leads to increased long-term bone-related morbidities, including fractures.
  • Various factors contribute to bone damage in SLE, necessitating comprehensive management.

Conclusions:

  • Bone involvement is a critical concern in SLE management.
  • Understanding etiopathogenesis is key to developing targeted therapies.
  • Integrated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are essential for improving outcomes in SLE patients with bone disease.