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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies
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Obesity-Associated Differentially Methylated Regions in Colon Cancer.

John J Milner1, Zhao-Feng Chen2, James Grayson3

  • 1College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Obesity impacts colorectal cancer epigenetics. Specific gene methylation patterns and age predict cancer in obese patients, offering potential biomarkers for prevention and progression.

Keywords:
biomarkerscolon cancerdifferentially methylated regionsgeneralized regressionobesity

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Oncology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Obesity is a prevalent disorder influenced by lifestyle, affecting gene regulation and metabolic pathways in colorectal cancer (CRC).
  • Epigenetic alterations, specifically DNA methylation, play a crucial role in cancer development.
  • Understanding these epigenetic changes in obese individuals is vital for targeted cancer prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate epigenetic differences in colon tissues between obese and non-obese colorectal cancer patients.
  • To identify specific differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with obesity and CRC.
  • To explore the predictive value of these DMRs and patient age in colon cancer development and progression using machine learning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data for colon tissues from 225 colon cancer cases (154 non-obese, 71 obese) and 15 healthy non-obese controls.
  • Performed comparative analysis of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in gene promoter and intron regions.
  • Applied machine-learning-based analytics, including generalized regression (GR), to identify predictive factors for colon cancer in obese patients.

Main Results:

  • Age was a significant predictor in obese cancer patients, both independently and in interaction with hypomethylated DMRs of ZBTB46.
  • DMRs in HIST1H3I (hypomethylated, oncogene), SRGAP2C (hypermethylated, tumor suppressor), and NFATC4 (hypermethylated, adipocyte differentiating oncogene) were significant predictors of cancer in obese patients, independent of age.
  • These findings highlight specific epigenetic modifications linked to obesity-related colorectal cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Specific epigenetic changes in genes like ZBTB46, HIST1H3I, SRGAP2C, and NFATC4 are significantly associated with colon cancer in obese individuals.
  • These identified DMRs represent potential novel biomarkers for early detection, prevention, and monitoring of colorectal cancer progression in obese populations.
  • The study underscores the critical interplay between obesity, epigenetics, and colorectal cancer pathogenesis.