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Risk of Myocarditis and Pericarditis among Young Adults following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccinations

Abdallah Alami1, Daniel Krewski2,3, Donald Mattison2,3,4

  • 1School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.

Vaccines
|May 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Rare cases of myocarditis and pericarditis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccines were observed, particularly in young males after the second dose. This vaccine safety signal warrants continued monitoring and further study.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Myocarditis and pericarditis are rare complications reported after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
  • While most cases are mild, these potential vaccine safety signals require close monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calculate and compare the reporting rates of myocarditis and pericarditis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination against background incidence rates.
  • To stratify these rates by age, sex, vaccine dose, and manufacturer.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).
  • Calculated combined reporting rates for myocarditis and pericarditis.
  • Compared post-vaccination rates to pre-vaccination background incidence rates.

Main Results:

  • A higher-than-expected reporting rate of myocarditis and pericarditis was identified following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination compared to the general population.
  • The risk was elevated after the second vaccine dose, higher in males than females, and decreased with age.
  • The highest risk was observed in males aged 12-17 years, with approximately 6 cases per 100,000 second doses.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest an increased risk of myocarditis and pericarditis in young males after receiving a second dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.
  • These conclusions are based on passive surveillance data, highlighting the need for confirmatory epidemiological studies.
Keywords:
COVID-19myocarditispassive surveillancepericarditisvaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS)vaccine safety

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