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Author Spotlight: Investigating Viral Disruption of Intestinal Epithelial Signaling – Research Insights and Future Directions

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Calicivirus Infection in Cats.

Regina Hofmann-Lehmann¹, Margaret J Hosie², Katrin Hartmann³

¹Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.

|May 28, 2022

Summary

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious and genetically variable cat pathogen causing diverse illnesses. Vaccination is crucial for disease prevention, though it doesn't prevent infection due to FCV's adaptability.

Keywords:

FCV diagnosis feline genetic variability multicat environment tenacity treatment vaccination vaccine strains virulent systemic

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Virology
Feline Infectious Diseases
Immunology

Background:

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a prevalent and highly contagious pathogen in domestic cats.
FCV exhibits significant genetic variability and resistance to disinfectants, complicating control efforts.
Infections pose risks ranging from mild upper respiratory disease to severe, fatal systemic illness, particularly in multicat environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current knowledge on Feline Calicivirus (FCV) infection in cats.
To provide expert opinions from the European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases (ABCD) to address knowledge gaps.
To offer guidance on FCV diagnosis, prevention, and management.

Main Methods:

This study is a comprehensive review of existing literature and expert consensus.
Data synthesis from 11 European feline medicine experts.
Analysis of FCV epidemiology, clinical signs, diagnostics, and vaccination strategies.

Main Results:

FCV infections commonly cause oral erosions and respiratory signs, with potential for fatal pneumonia in kittens.
Chronic gingivostomatitis and rare, highly virulent systemic forms of FCV exist.
Reverse-transcriptase PCR is the primary diagnostic method, though false negatives can occur.

Conclusions:

FCV vaccination is recommended as a core vaccine for all cats, protecting against disease but not infection.
Due to FCV's genetic variability, vaccine strain updates may be necessary for breakthrough infections.
Infection-induced immunity is strain-specific and not lifelong, necessitating continued vaccination even in recovered cats.