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Advances in Bovine Coronavirus Epidemiology
Qinghe Zhu1, Bin Li2, Dongbo Sun1
1Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, China.
Viruses
|May 28, 2022
Summary
Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) causes significant cattle diseases. This review details BCoV epidemiology, genetic evolution, and potential cross-species transmission, offering insights for prevention and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Epidemiology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is a significant pathogen in cattle, causing enteric and respiratory illnesses.
- BCoV shares genetic similarities with human coronaviruses, increasing research and industry interest.
- Existing literature lacks comprehensive reviews on BCoV epidemiology and S-gene related tissue tropism and cross-species transmission.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) epidemiology.
- To elucidate the impact of S-gene variations on BCoV tissue tropism and cross-species transmission potential.
- To discuss the BCoV two-receptor binding motif and its relationship with SARS-CoV-2.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on BCoV.
- Analysis of epidemiological data, transmission dynamics, and co-infection patterns.
- Examination of genetic evolution, pathogenicity, and host-pathogen interactions.
Main Results:
- BCoV epidemiology encompasses diverse transmission routes, infection factors, and co-infections.
- S-gene variations may influence BCoV tissue tropism and cross-species transmission.
- Potential dual-receptor usage for BCoV entry and links to SARS-CoV-2 warrant further investigation.
Conclusions:
- This review consolidates current knowledge on BCoV, highlighting gaps in understanding S-gene function and cross-species transmission.
- Understanding BCoV's molecular mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics is crucial for disease control.
- Further research is needed to inform effective prevention and treatment strategies for BCoV globally.
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