Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

7.1K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
7.1K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

4.8K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
4.8K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

1.2K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
1.2K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

707
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
707
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

6.0K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
6.0K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

825
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
825

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

HEB collaborates with TCR signaling to upregulate <i>Id3</i> and enable γδT17 cell maturation in the fetal thymus.

eLife·2026
Same author

HEB collaborates with TCR signaling to upregulate <i>Id3</i> and enable γδT17 cell maturation in the fetal thymus.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Constructing polymorphonuclear cells: chromatin folding shapes nuclear morphology.

Trends in immunology·2024
Same author

The translatome of glioblastoma.

Molecular oncology·2024
Same author

Helical coiled nucleosome chromosome architectures during cell cycle progression.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same author

Helical Coiled Nucleosome Chromosome Architectures during Cell Cycle Progression.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Mouse Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

52.7K

Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune Development.

Megan Aubrey1, Zachary J Warburg1, Cornelis Murre1

  • 1Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.

Frontiers in Immunology
|May 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The E/Id protein axis regulates hematopoietic cell development and immune system lineage commitment. These transcription factors are crucial for adaptive immunity, guiding T and B cell differentiation and function.

Keywords:
B cell developmentE proteinsHLHId proteinsT cell developmentVDJ recombinationhematopoiesislymphopoiesis

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Elucidating the Pathways of TFH Cell Differentiation in Acute LCMV Challenges
05:03

Author Spotlight: Elucidating the Pathways of TFH Cell Differentiation in Acute LCMV Challenges

Published on: April 26, 2024

802
Evaluation of T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Center Response During Influenza A Virus Infection in Mice
07:07

Evaluation of T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Center Response During Influenza A Virus Infection in Mice

Published on: June 27, 2020

5.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Mouse Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

52.7K
Author Spotlight: Elucidating the Pathways of TFH Cell Differentiation in Acute LCMV Challenges
05:03

Author Spotlight: Elucidating the Pathways of TFH Cell Differentiation in Acute LCMV Challenges

Published on: April 26, 2024

802
Evaluation of T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Center Response During Influenza A Virus Infection in Mice
07:07

Evaluation of T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Center Response During Influenza A Virus Infection in Mice

Published on: June 27, 2020

5.5K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The E/Id protein axis is critical for hematopoietic cell development and immune lineage specification.
  • E proteins are transcription factors, while Id proteins are their antagonists, modulating activity.
  • Their relative levels change during development to guide stem cells into various immune lineages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the E/Id protein axis in defining adaptive immune system lineages.
  • To focus on how these proteins direct developmental gene programs in immune cells.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing research on E/Id protein function in hematopoiesis.
  • Literature analysis of gene expression, chromatin organization, and immune cell differentiation.

Main Results:

  • E/Id proteins orchestrate lineage-specific gene expression and VDJ recombination in early progenitors for T and B cell commitment.
  • In mature B cells, they promote class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation.
  • E protein activity directs CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subset differentiation and immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • The E/Id protein axis is a key regulator of adaptive immune system development.
  • Understanding this axis is essential for comprehending immune cell differentiation and function.