Predictive value of faecal calprotectin in ulcerative colitis - single centre experience

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Clinical Biomarkers
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research

Background:

• Faecal calprotectin (FC) is a key biomarker for assessing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
• Understanding FC's predictive value for ulcerative colitis (UC) remission is crucial for patient management.
• Previous research highlights FC's correlation with active inflammation, but its role during remission requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the efficacy of faecal calprotectin concentration in predicting remission in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.
• To analyze the correlation between faecal calprotectin levels and laboratory, endoscopic, and clinical findings in UC.
• To establish faecal calprotectin as a prognostic marker in UC.

Main Methods:

• A single-center study involving 126 adult UC patients.
• Measurement of serum biomarkers (CRP, hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets) and fecal calprotectin.
• Assessment of disease activity using Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) and clinical Mayo score, with logistic regression for remission prediction.

Main Results:

• Faecal calprotectin concentration independently predicts UC remission (OR 0.9948, p=.0028).
• C-reactive protein also significantly contributes to predicting remission (OR 0.8340, p=.0292).
• A faecal calprotectin cutoff value of 154 ug/g was identified for predicting remission.

Conclusions:

• Faecal calprotectin is an independent predictor of remission in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.
• This study provides real-world data on FC's prognostic utility in UC.
• Unlike other inflammatory biomarkers, FC demonstrates significant predictive value for UC remission.