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Related Concept Videos

Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game01:24

Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game

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The development of self in children is deeply rooted in social interactions, mainly through stages of play and structured games. These stages, outlined by sociologist George Herbert Mead, illustrate how children progressively learn to understand and adopt social roles, forming a cohesive sense of self.The Play Stage: Imitation and Simple Role-TakingIn the early years of childhood, the play stage is characterized by imitative behavior, where children engage in role-playing based on familiar...
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Actor-Observer Effect01:23

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The actor-observer effect, a cognitive bias closely linked to the fundamental attribution error, refers to the tendency for individuals to attribute their behavior to external, situational factors while explaining others’ behavior in terms of internal, dispositional traits. This asymmetry in attribution significantly influences social perception and judgment.Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the EffectTwo primary psychological mechanisms contribute to the actor-observer effect: differences in...
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Impression Management Techniques IV: Altercasting01:14

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Altercasting is a strategic communication technique in which an individual imposes a specific identity or social role onto another person to influence their behavior and shape the interaction. By presuming a role—such as “responsible leader” or “patient person”—altercasting encourages the target to conform to that identity, often aligning their behavior with the expectations associated with the role. The power of this tactic lies in its subtlety; once a role...
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Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other01:20

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According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
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Manipulation and Analysis01:21

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GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
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Jung's Analytical Theory01:23

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Carl Jung, a Swiss psychiatrist and former follower of Freud, eventually broke away from Freud's ideas to create his framework, analytical psychology. This approach emphasizes achieving a balance between the conscious and unconscious aspects of the mind and reconciling various experiences within an individual's personality. Jung believed that this process, which typically unfolds in the latter part of life, involves an ongoing journey of recognizing and incorporating unconscious...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Combining Computer Game-Based Behavioural Experiments With High-Density EEG and Infrared Gaze Tracking
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Play Changes Us: Playing the Object, Becoming the Analyst.

Ken Corbett

    Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    |May 31, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    Play

    Area of Science:

    • Psychoanalytic theory
    • Child psychology
    • Developmental psychology

    Background:

    • Play's transformative potential is central to psychoanalytic frameworks.
    • Paradox and illusion are key elements in therapeutic play.
    • The analyst's role in play involves potential for personal change.

    Observation:

    • Examined the role of paradox and illusory experience in psychoanalysis.
    • Focused on how play facilitates change for both patient and analyst.
    • Analyzed the treatment of a four-year-old boy, highlighting his play.

    Findings:

    • Play is inherently transformative, preceding interpretation.
    • Sustaining paradox and illusion are crucial in psychoanalytic play.
    • The analyst can be an object of change through engaging in play.

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    Implications:

    • Understanding play's role in therapy deepens psychoanalytic practice.
    • Emphasizes the value of experiencing illusion over premature interpretation.
    • Highlights the dynamic interplay between play, paradox, and therapeutic change.