Critical Evaluation of Valproic Acid-Induced Rodent Models of Autism: Current and Future Perspectives

Valproic acid (VPA) induced rodent model of autism is a widely accepted and extensively used rodent model to investigate the pharmacotherapy against autism. But, to date, its validation, suitability, and applicability as a well defining autistic model are still questionable. Previous research efforts highlighted that this model shows various core defining features of autism and related pathways, hence it is very necessary to explore its authenticity as a well-suited model for autism. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the preclinical and neurobiological relevant validated features, involved etiological mechanism, biological markers, treatment responses, drawbacks, current approaches, and future perspectives of VPA-induced model of autism. This review would help in deciphering the validation of the VPA-induced autistic model and its suitability as an experimental model of autism. A thorough investigation of behavioral, molecular, and neurobiological processes in animal models of autism would help in investigating the exact causation and effective treatment for autism.