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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

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In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...
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Related Experiment Video

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Development of a Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Strip for Rapid and Quantitative Detection of Small Molecule Compounds
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Single-step noncompetitive immunocomplex immunoassay for rapid aflatoxin detection.

Riikka Peltomaa1, Asmaa Abbas2, Tapani Yli-Mattila2

  • 1Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and Technology (TCSMT), University of Turku, Finland.

Food Chemistry
|May 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A novel noncompetitive immunoassay was developed for detecting aflatoxins, a dangerous carcinogen. This rapid, single-step assay uses a unique anti-immunocomplex antibody fragment for sensitive aflatoxin detection in food samples.

Keywords:
AflatoxinAntibody fragmentImmunoassayImmunocomplexPhage display

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Immunotechnology

Background:

  • Aflatoxins are highly carcinogenic toxic secondary metabolites, posing significant risks to human and animal health.
  • Their presence in food and feed can lead to severe health issues and substantial economic losses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a sensitive, rapid, and noncompetitive immunoassay for aflatoxin detection.
  • To demonstrate the utility of anti-immunocomplex (anti-IC) antibody fragments for small molecule analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a noncompetitive immunoassay using a monoclonal capture antibody.
  • Isolation of a unique anti-immunocomplex (anti-IC) single-chain variable fragment (scFv) from a synthetic antibody repertoire.
  • Application of the assay to analyze spiked food samples.

Main Results:

  • The developed single-step assay achieved a detection limit of 70 pg/mL for aflatoxins.
  • Aflatoxin detection was accomplished within 15 minutes.
  • The assay demonstrated effective application in analyzing spiked food samples.

Conclusions:

  • The novel noncompetitive immunoassay provides a rapid and simple tool for aflatoxin detection.
  • Anti-IC antibodies and noncompetitive immunoassays show significant potential for analyzing small molecule contaminants.
  • This approach enhances food safety by enabling quick and reliable detection of harmful toxins.