Stem cell therapy as a potential treatment option for psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatological disorder characterized by white scales and clearly demarcated erythematous plaques. The prevalence of psoriasis varies from country to country and can occur at any age, implying that ethnicity, environmental factors, and genetic background all play a role in its onset. According to the World Psoriasis Day Consortium, 125 million people globally and 2%-3% of the overall community have psoriasis. The introduction of biological treatments has revolutionized the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. These novel drugs, particularly those targeting interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-23p19, can help most patients with psoriasis achieve clear or virtually clear skin with satisfactory durability. Nevertheless, none of these modern treatments are not entirely remedial in their current form, and alarmingly, a limited but growing proportion of patients with severe psoriasis are not responding satisfactorily to currently available treatments. Stem cell therapy, including regulatory T-cells, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and mesenchymal stromal cells, has been used in patients with recalcitrant psoriasis. This review discusses the stem cell treatments available for psoriasis.