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Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
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Readily Degradable Aromatic Polyesters from Salicylic Acid.

Hee Joong Kim, Yernaidu Reddi, Christopher J Cramer

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    |May 31, 2022
    PubMed
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    New aromatic polyesters from salicylic acid, poly(salicylic glycolide) (PSG) and poly(salicylic methyl glycolide) (PSMG), offer a sustainable alternative to PET. These plastics exhibit comparable properties to PET but are readily degradable in mild conditions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Polymer Chemistry
    • Materials Science
    • Sustainable Plastics

    Background:

    • Polyesters, including poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), dominate the plastic market but raise sustainability concerns due to fossil fuel origins and poor degradability.
    • Developing degradable polymers from renewable resources with performance comparable to conventional plastics is crucial for addressing plastic waste.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To synthesize and characterize novel, high molar mass aromatic polyesters derived from salicylic acid.
    • To investigate the potential of these new polyesters as sustainable and degradable alternatives to traditional plastics like PET.

    Main Methods:

    • Synthesis of poly(salicylic glycolide) (PSG) and poly(salicylic methyl glycolide) (PSMG) from salicylic acid.
    • Characterization of polymer properties, including glass transition temperature (Tg) and Young's modulus (E).
    • Evaluation of hydrolytic degradability under neutral aqueous conditions, including seawater at elevated temperatures.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved synthesis of high molar mass aromatic polyesters, PSG and PSMG.
    • PSG and PSMG demonstrated a glass transition temperature (Tg ≈ 85 °C) and Young's modulus (E ≈ 2.3 GPa) comparable to PET.
    • Unlike PET, PSG and PSMG exhibited ready hydrolytic degradation in neutral aqueous solutions, with complete degradation in seawater within 60 days at 50 °C.

    Conclusions:

    • Aromatic polyesters derived from salicylic acid (PSG and PSMG) present a viable pathway towards high-performance, sustainable plastics.
    • These novel polyesters offer a promising solution to the environmental challenges posed by conventional, non-degradable plastics.
    • The tunable degradability and comparable mechanical properties position these materials for future applications in the plastics industry.