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Individual and population sex allocation patterns.

S A Frank

    Theoretical Population Biology
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study models sex allocation, finding Fisher's theory robust for high-fecundity species but sensitive in low-fecundity ones due to varying investment returns. Resource availability significantly impacts individual and population-level sex allocation patterns.

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    Area of Science:

    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Behavioral Ecology
    • Population Genetics

    Background:

    • Sex allocation theory, particularly Fisher's equal investment principle, is a cornerstone of evolutionary biology.
    • Understanding how resource availability and differential parental investment influence offspring sex ratios is crucial for population dynamics.
    • Previous models often simplified assumptions about reproductive returns and resource distribution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the robustness of Fisher's equal investment theory under varied conditions.
    • To investigate the impact of differential reproductive returns, resource variability, and costs on sex allocation.
    • To provide quantitative predictions for individual- and population-level sex allocation.

    Main Methods:

    • Development and analysis of a variety of sex allocation models.

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  • Incorporation of variable reproductive returns for males and females.
  • Inclusion of varying resource availability and differing costs for reproductive structures.
  • Consideration of fixed conception sex ratios and minimum offspring investment.

    • Main Results:

    • Fisher's theory is highly robust for high-fecundity organisms.
    • In low-fecundity organisms, particularly vertebrates, the theory is sensitive to sex-specific differences in reproductive returns.
    • Resource distribution among individuals significantly influences both individual and population-level sex allocation patterns.
    • Models provide quantitative predictions for sex allocation under diverse ecological conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Fisher's equal investment theory requires nuanced application, especially in species with low fecundity and variable reproductive success.
    • Resource heterogeneity is a critical factor shaping sex allocation strategies.
    • The models offer a framework for predicting sex allocation across a range of biological scenarios.