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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

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A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...

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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
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Citicoline in acute ischemic stroke: A randomized controlled trial.

Ayush Agarwal1, Venugopalan Y Vishnu1, Jyoti Sharma1

  • 1Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Plos One
|May 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated if Citicoline improves outcomes after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) recanalization therapy. No significant differences were found between Citicoline and placebo groups in clinical or radiological outcomes at three months.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) presents treatment challenges, with recanalization and neuroprotection as key strategies.
  • The efficacy of neuroprotection in AIS remains under investigation, particularly when initiated immediately post-recanalization therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of Citicoline administration immediately after recanalization therapy in improving clinical and radiological outcomes for AIS patients.
  • To compare the outcomes of Citicoline treatment versus standard care alone in AIS patients undergoing recanalization.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial (CAISR) was conducted.
  • Participants with AIS received either Citicoline (1gm BD IV for 3 days, then 1gm BD oral for 39 days) or placebo (normal saline IV for 3 days, then multivitamin BD for 39 days) alongside standard care.
  • Endpoint assessments included MRI brain-stroke volume at six weeks and neurological status (NIHSS, mRS, Barthel index) at three months.

Main Results:

  • Infarct volume reduction from week 1 to week 6 was 4.2 cm³ in the Citicoline group versus 2.6 cm³ in the placebo group (p=0.483).
  • The odds ratios for achieving favorable outcomes (NIHSS 0-2, mRS 0-2, Barthel index ≥ 95) with Citicoline were 0.96, 0.92, and 0.87, respectively, with no statistically significant differences compared to placebo.

Conclusions:

  • The CAISR trial was the first to assess Citicoline's role immediately post-recanalization therapy in AIS.
  • No significant differences in primary or secondary outcomes were observed between the Citicoline and placebo groups.