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Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Preparation of DNA-crosslinked Polyacrylamide Hydrogels
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Physically Entangled Antiswelling Hydrogels with High Stiffness.

Suchun Ji1, Xiying Li1, Shuang Wang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|May 31, 2022
PubMed
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This study introduces novel polyimide (PI) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) hydrogels for tissue engineering. These entangled polymer hydrogels offer high stiffness and water stability, outperforming existing materials.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Physically cross-linked hydrogels are promising for tissue engineering due to biocompatibility and ease of fabrication.
  • Existing physically cross-linked hydrogels often lack the mechanical strength and water stability required for robust applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel hydrogel with enhanced stiffness and water stability for tissue engineering applications.
  • To investigate the potential of entangled hydrophobic polymer chains as cross-linking points in hydrogels.

Main Methods:

  • Mixing hydrophobic polyimide (PI) with hydrophilic poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) to create entangled cross-linking points.
  • Characterizing the mechanical properties (tensile modulus) and swelling behavior (equilibrium swelling ratio - ESR) of the hydrogels.
Keywords:
antiswellingdirect ink writinghigh stiffnessphysically entangled hydrogels

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  • Utilizing direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing to fabricate structures with the developed hydrogel inks.

    • Main Results:

    • The poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)/polyimide (PVP/PI) hydrogels exhibited high tensile modulus (up to 22.57 MPa) and low ESR (as low as 125.0%).
    • Tunable mechanical properties and swelling ratios were achieved by varying the PI mass ratio, ranging from 22.57 to 0.005 MPa and 125.0% to 765.6%, respectively.
    • 3D printed structures with mechanical properties mimicking cartilage were successfully fabricated using PVP/PI inks.

    Conclusions:

    • Entangled PVP/PI hydrogels offer superior stiffness and water stability compared to traditional physically cross-linked hydrogels.
    • The tunable nature of these hydrogels makes them highly adaptable for various tissue engineering scaffolds.
    • These novel hydrogels show significant promise for advanced tissue engineering applications.