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Extracting optical absorption characteristics from semiconductor nanowire arrays.

Reza Kohandani1, Simarjeet S Saini1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.

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This study analyzes optical absorption in semiconductor nanowire arrays using Beer-Lambert's law. It reveals that both radial and photonic Bloch modes enhance absorption, offering tunable optical properties for materials like silicon and gallium arsenide.

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Semiconductor nanowire arrays exhibit unique optical properties.
  • Understanding optical absorption is crucial for device applications.
  • Refractive index plays a key role in light-matter interactions in nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the optical absorption characteristics of semiconductor nanowire arrays.
  • To analyze the influence of refractive index components on absorption.
  • To explore the roles of radial and photonic Bloch modes in enhancing absorption.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Beer-Lambert's law to extract effective absorption coefficients from simulated transmissions.
  • Evaluated silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs), and amorphous silicon (a-Si) nanowire arrays.
  • Examined the impact of real and imaginary parts of the refractive index on absorption enhancement.

Main Results:

  • High absorption peaks at modal resonances correlate with reflection peaks at the nanowire-air interface.
  • Resonance wavelengths are diameter and refractive index dependent for radial HE modes.
  • Photonic Bloch modes, excited by near-field coupling, increase absorption and quality factor.

Conclusions:

  • Both radial and Bloch mode excitations are effective for designing absorption profiles in nanowire arrays.
  • The imaginary part of the refractive index influences Bloch mode excitation diameter.
  • Densely packed arrays are needed for photonic crystal mode excitation in highly absorptive materials.