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Tumor Lysis Syndrome.

Elizabeth Mary Durfee¹

¹Elizabeth Mary Durfee is a pediatric acute care nurse practitioner at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, California.

Critical Care Nurse

|May 31, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a critical oncologic emergency. Early recognition of TLS signs and symptoms by nurses is vital for prompt intervention and preventing severe complications in cancer patients.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Critical Care Nursing

Background:

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening oncologic emergency.
It is associated with hematologic cancers and increasingly seen in solid tumors.
TLS results from the release of tumor cell contents, causing metabolic disturbances.

Purpose of the Study:

To offer critical care nurses a review of TLS.
To improve early detection and intervention through symptom recognition.

Main Methods:

Literature review conducted in PubMed and CINAHL.
Keywords included "tumor lysis syndrome," "diagnosis," "nursing," and "early detection."
Studies published from 2014 onwards were included.

Main Results:

TLS causes hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperuricemia.
These imbalances can lead to renal injury, arrhythmias, seizures, and neuromuscular instability.

Conclusions:

Nurses can utilize risk factors and clinical presentations to guide monitoring and intervention for TLS.
Understanding TLS risk factors and signs enhances nurses' ability to prevent adverse events.