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Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation: A Potential Target for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
Menglong Wang1,2,3, Wei Pan1,2,3, Yao Xu1,2,3
1Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Microglia are tissue-resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, microglia play an important role in the monitoring and intervention of synaptic and neuron-level activities. Interventions targeting microglia have been shown to improve the prognosis of various neurological diseases. Recently, studies have observed the activation of microglia in different cardiovascular diseases. In addition, different approaches that regulate the activity of microglia have been shown to modulate the incidence and progression of cardiovascular diseases. The change in autonomic nervous system activity after neuroinflammation may be a potential intermediate link between microglia and cardiovascular diseases. Here, in this review, we will discuss recent updates on the regulatory role of microglia in hypertension, myocardial infarction and ischemia/reperfusion injury. We propose that microglia serve as neuroimmune modulators and potential targets for cardiovascular diseases.
Insights
Microglia, immune cells in the brain, are increasingly linked to cardiovascular diseases. Targeting microglia may offer new strategies for treating conditions like hypertension and heart attack.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Cardiovascular Science
Background:
- Microglia are the primary immune cells within the central nervous system (CNS).
- They play crucial roles in synaptic function and neuronal health.
- Emerging evidence implicates microglia in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of microglia's role in cardiovascular diseases.
- To explore the link between neuroinflammation, autonomic nervous system activity, and CVDs.
- To highlight microglia as potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on microglia and cardiovascular diseases.
- Analysis of the interplay between neuroinflammation and autonomic dysfunction.
- Synthesis of evidence regarding microglia's involvement in hypertension, myocardial infarction, and ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Main Results:
- Microglial activation is observed in various cardiovascular diseases.
- Modulating microglial activity can influence CVD incidence and progression.
- Neuroinflammation-induced changes in autonomic activity may mediate microglial effects on the cardiovascular system.
Conclusions:
- Microglia act as key neuroimmune modulators in the context of cardiovascular health.
- Targeting microglia presents a promising therapeutic avenue for cardiovascular diseases.
- Further research into the neuroimmune axis is crucial for developing novel CVD treatments.
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