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Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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Regression Toward the Mean01:52

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Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Model Surgical Training: Skills Acquisition in Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation of Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Placenta Using Realistic Simulators
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Maternal Thyroid Function and Birth Weight in Twins.

Xiao Song Liu1, Xiu Juan Su2, Guo Hua Li3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.

Endocrinology
|June 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Free thyroxine (FT4) levels, but not TSH, are linked to birth weight and discordance in twins, varying by sex and chorionicity. Low FT4 increases the risk of birth weight discordance in twin pregnancies.

Keywords:
birth weightbirth weight discordancethyroid functiontwin pregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Perinatology

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones are crucial for fetal development, with twin pregnancies requiring higher levels.
  • Associations between thyroid hormones and birth weight are established in singleton pregnancies.
  • The specific role of thyroid hormones in twin birth weight and discordance requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between thyroid hormones and birth weight in twin pregnancies.
  • To explore how fetal sex and chorionicity influence the relationship between thyroid hormones and twin birth weight.
  • To identify potential implications for managing twin pregnancies and preventing birth weight discordance.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 1626 pregnant women delivering live-born twins in China (2014-2019).
  • Utilized linear mixed models with restricted cubic splines and logistic regression.
  • Analyzed associations of thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) with birth weight and birth weight discordance.

Main Results:

  • Overall, TSH and FT4 were not associated with birth weight in twins.
  • Nonlinear associations between FT4 levels and birth weight were observed in male fetuses and dichorionic twins.
  • Lower FT4 levels (below 10th percentile) were associated with a higher risk of birth weight discordance (OR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.05-2.33).

Conclusions:

  • FT4, not TSH, is associated with birth weight and discordance in twins, influenced by fetal sex and chorionicity.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring FT4 levels in twin pregnancies.
  • Optimal FT4 management may help prevent birth weight discordance in twin gestations.