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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Microsatellite DNA Genotyping and Flow Cytometry Ploidy Analyses of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Hydatidiform Molar Tissues
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Complete hydatidiform mole in higher-order multiple pregnancies.

Filomena G Sileo1, Giulia A Giuliani2, Fabio Facchinetti2

  • 1Prenatal Medicine Unit, Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Child and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Minerva Obstetrics and Gynecology
|June 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This case report details a rare triplet pregnancy with a complete hydatidiform mole and two coexistent fetuses, complicated by post-molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Management challenges and literature review highlight the need for specific guidelines for such rare obstetric events.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Complete hydatidiform mole is a common gestational trophoblastic neoplasm, arising from abnormal fertilization.
  • Multiple gestations with complete hydatidiform moles are exceptionally rare, especially beyond twins.
  • Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) requires prompt diagnosis and management.

Observation:

  • A triplet pregnancy conceived via in vitro fertilization presented with a complete hydatidiform mole and two coexistent fetuses.
  • The pregnancy necessitated therapeutic abortion, followed by rising serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels.
  • Post-molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia was diagnosed, leading to methotrexate treatment.

Findings:

  • This case highlights the complexity of managing complete hydatidiform moles in higher-order multiple gestations.
  • Literature review on triplet/quadruplet pregnancies with complete moles reveals limited data on diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.
  • The management underscores the importance of vigilant monitoring for GTN post-molar pregnancy.

Implications:

  • The rarity of this condition necessitates further research and the development of specific clinical guidelines.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies, particularly ultrasound, are crucial for early detection in multiple pregnancies.
  • Effective management protocols are vital for improving outcomes in these life-threatening obstetric complications.