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Selenium Effect Threshold for Soil Nematodes Under Rice Biofortification.

Jiaping Song1, Xiaodong Liu1, Zhangmin Wang2,3

  • 1School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

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Selenium fertilizer boosts rice yield and grain selenium content. However, higher selenium levels (>10 mg kg⁻¹) significantly reduce soil nematode populations, impacting soil health. Thresholds are identified for balancing crop benefits and soil protection.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Ecology

Background:

  • Crop biofortification with selenium (Se) is crucial for human health in deficient regions.
  • Understanding Se's impact on soil nematodes is vital for eco-friendly biofortification strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of varying soil selenite supply on rice growth, Se accumulation, and soil nematode communities.
  • To determine safe selenium thresholds for rice biofortification while minimizing soil nematode disturbance.

Main Methods:

  • A rice pot experiment was conducted with selenite application ranging from 0 to 200 mg kg⁻¹.
  • Rice growth parameters, grain Se concentration, and soil nematode abundance and composition were analyzed.
  • Correlation analysis was used to link soil Se concentrations with plant and nematode responses.

Main Results:

  • Selenium application (5-200 mg kg⁻¹) generally enhanced rice tillering, yield, and grain Se concentration.
  • Soil nematode genus composition changed significantly at 10 mg kg⁻¹ Se.
  • Nematode abundance decreased significantly with Se levels exceeding 10 mg kg⁻¹.

Conclusions:

  • Effective soil selenium thresholds for total Se (1.45 mg kg⁻¹) and bioavailable Se (0.21 mg kg⁻¹) were identified to protect soil nematodes.
  • Below these thresholds, rice biofortification can be achieved with negligible impact on soil nematode communities.
  • This research provides a basis for balancing crop selenium enrichment with soil ecosystem health.