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A Systematic Review of Multilevel Influenced Risk-Taking in Helicopter and Small Airplane Normal Operations.
Matt R Harris1, Erich C Fein1, M Anthony Machin1
1School of Psychology and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia.
Frontiers in Public Health
|June 1, 2022
Summary
Pilots often take risks, like flying Visual Flight Rules (VFR) into bad weather (Instrument Meteorological Conditions/IMC), due to "continuation influence" and "normalization of deviance." Understanding these factors is key to improving aviation safety.
Area of Science:
- Aviation Safety
- Human Factors in Aviation
- Risk Management
Background:
- Violation of aviation rules, especially meteorological flight rules, can lead to fatal accidents.
- Risk-taking in aviation can stem from intentional behavior or strategies to improve performance, such as saving time or meeting expectations.
Approach:
- A systematic literature review was conducted to identify risk-taking behaviors and their multilevel antecedents in aviation operations.
- 10 studies (3 qualitative, 7 quantitative) were included after screening 4,742 records, focusing on published works.
Key Points:
- The predominant risk-taking behavior identified was continuing Visual Flight Rules (VFR) flight into deteriorating or Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC).
- Multilevel influences were categorized into "continuation influence" and "acceptance of risk / normalization of deviance."
- These themes were consistently observed across studies, aligning with accident report findings in Australia and New Zealand.
Conclusions:
- Social and organizational factors significantly influence aviation risk-taking behaviors.
- Future research should explore these influences, potentially through the lens of Self-Determination Theory (SDT).
- Addressing continuation influence and normalization of deviance is crucial for enhancing aviation safety.
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