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Updated: Sep 21, 2025
07:03
Isolation, Characterization, and Therapeutic Application of Extracellular Vesicles from Cultured Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Published on: September 23, 2022
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An Emerging Frontier in Intercellular Communication: Extracellular Vesicles in Regeneration
Priscilla N Avalos1,2, David J Forsthoefel1,2
1Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|June 1, 2022
Summary
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles that regulate regeneration by influencing cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. This review explores EV roles in regeneration across various organisms and injury models.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Cellular processes during regeneration are guided by local secreted signals.
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanoparticles secreted by cells, represent a key paracrine communication mechanism.
- EVs contain diverse cargo that influences target cell behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of how EVs regulate cellular behaviors during regeneration.
- To explore the potential of various research organisms for advancing EV biology knowledge.
- To discuss EV biogenesis, sources, and roles in organisms with high regenerative capacity.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on EV signaling in regeneration.
- Analysis of studies using stem cell-derived EVs in mammalian injury models.
- Exploration of research in diverse model organisms with varying regenerative capacities.
Main Results:
- EVs significantly coordinate cell survival, immune responses, matrix remodeling, proliferation, migration, and differentiation during regeneration.
- Stem cell-derived EVs show promise in mammalian injury models for regenerative processes.
- Different organisms offer unique advantages for studying EV biology in regeneration.
Conclusions:
- EVs are crucial regulators of regenerative processes through intercellular communication.
- Further research in diverse model organisms is essential to fully elucidate EV functions in regeneration.
- Understanding EV biogenesis and sources in vivo is key to harnessing their therapeutic potential.
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