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Diagnosis and management of asthma in children

Joanne Martin1,2,3, Jennifer Townshend4, Malcolm Brodlie5,4

  • 1Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

BMJ Paediatrics Open
|June 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Paediatric asthma affects 14% of children globally. This review offers insights into diagnosing and managing childhood asthma, emphasizing holistic care and personalized action plans for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Child Health

Background:

  • Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition in children worldwide, affecting approximately 14% of this population.
  • Despite its high prevalence, pediatric asthma management often yields suboptimal outcomes, with preventable deaths occurring annually.
  • Key symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, and cough, often exacerbated by various triggers, posing diagnostic challenges like overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of best practices in diagnosing and managing pediatric asthma.
  • To address current diagnostic challenges and identify predictors of life-threatening asthma exacerbations in children.
  • To compare global pediatric asthma guidelines and explore future advancements in care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices in pediatric asthma diagnosis and management.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges and risk factors for severe asthma attacks.
  • Comparative assessment of international pediatric asthma guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Diagnostic challenges in pediatric asthma contribute to both overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis.
  • Effective management requires a holistic approach, including pharmacological, non-pharmacological, educational, and self-management strategies.
  • Partnership with children and families, alongside personalized asthma action plans, is crucial for improving outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Improved diagnosis and management strategies are essential to address the high prevalence and impact of pediatric asthma.
  • Holistic care, patient education, and personalized action plans are key to optimizing outcomes for children with asthma.
  • Further research and global guideline harmonization can advance the care of pediatric asthma patients.

Keywords:
therapeutics

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