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Gastrointestinal hormones.

L Thulin, C Johansson

    Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review surveys gastrointestinal hormones and peptides, detailing their roles in regulating digestive functions like acid secretion, bile and pancreatic juice flow, and gut motility. These peptides also influence tissue growth and exhibit vasoactivity in the splanchnic area.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Endocrinology
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Gastrointestinal hormones and related peptides are crucial regulators of digestive system function.
    • Understanding their complex interactions is vital for comprehending overall gastrointestinal physiology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To survey the chemistry, localization, release, and physiological effects of key gastrointestinal hormones and peptides.
    • To elucidate the specific roles of these substances in regulating gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretions, as well as gastrointestinal motility and tissue growth.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on gastrointestinal hormones and peptides.
    • Analysis of the known physiological actions and regulatory mechanisms of each surveyed substance.

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    Main Results:

    • Gastrin and secretin stimulate gastric acid and pepsin secretion; bulbo-enterogastrone and GIP inhibit it.
    • Biliary secretion is modulated by gastrin, CCK-PZ, secretin, and VIP, while Substance P inhibits it.
    • Pancreatic bicarbonate and enzyme secretion are stimulated by secretin and CCK-PZ, particularly in combination.
    • Gastrin and motilin affect esophageal and antral motility, CCK promotes gallbladder and small intestine emptying.
    • Gastrin and CCK regulate gastrointestinal and pancreatic tissue growth, respectively.
    • Somatostatin inhibits all gut hormones.
    • All surveyed peptides exhibit specific vasoactive properties within the splanchnic circulation.

    Conclusions:

    • Gastrointestinal hormones and peptides orchestrate a wide array of digestive processes, including secretion, motility, and tissue regulation.
    • These peptides possess distinct yet interconnected functions, highlighting the complexity of gastrointestinal endocrine control.
    • Further research into the specific mechanisms and interactions of these peptides can offer insights into digestive health and disease.