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Related Concept Videos

Migration00:53

Migration

8.1K
Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
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Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

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Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli
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[Validation Study on Migration Test for Plastic Food Utensils, Containers, and Packaging].

Asako Ozaki1, Motoh Mutsuga2, Eri Kishi1

  • 1Osaka Institute of Public Health.

Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan
|June 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study assessed the accuracy of food contact material migration testing across 22 labs. While within-lab accuracy was good, between-lab results varied, mainly due to inconsistent migration solution preparation.

Keywords:
food utensils, containers, and packaginginter-laboratory studymigration testplastic

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Area of Science:

  • Food Safety and Toxicology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Migration testing is crucial for ensuring food utensils, containers, and packaging comply with safety standards.
  • Limited inter-laboratory studies exist evaluating the entire migration test process, including operations and quantification.
  • Assessing the accuracy and reproducibility of migration testing is vital for regulatory compliance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of the entire migration test process through an inter-laboratory study.
  • To identify potential sources of variability in migration testing between different laboratories.
  • To assess the performance of 22 laboratories using standardized synthetic resin samples and migration procedures.

Main Methods:

  • An inter-laboratory study involving 22 participating laboratories.
  • Use of 8 types of model synthetic resin samples containing 10 substances with diverse Log Pow values.
  • Evaluation of migration operations and subsequent quantification of migrated substances.

Main Results:

  • Most intra-laboratory reproducibility (HorRat (r)) values met the target criteria (0.3 < HorRat (r) ≤ 1.3).
  • A significant number of inter-laboratory reproducibility (HorRat (R)) values exceeded the target criteria (0.5 < HorRat (R) ≤ 2.0).
  • Good accuracy was observed within individual laboratories, but significant variability existed between laboratories.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights good within-laboratory accuracy but identifies a critical issue with between-laboratory accuracy in migration testing.
  • Differences in migration solution preparation, including temperature and time control during migration operations, are the primary identified cause of inter-laboratory variability.
  • Standardization of migration solution preparation protocols is recommended to improve the overall reliability and comparability of migration test results.