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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
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The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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ROMPISA: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly.

Daniel B Wright1,2, Mollie A Touve3,4, Lisa Adamiak5,6

  • 1Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States of America.

ACS Macro Letters
|June 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) method using ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). This technique efficiently creates functional nanostructures in situ under mild conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful technique for creating nanostructures.
  • Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) offers controlled polymerization capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel PISA process utilizing ROMP.
  • To create peptide-based and oligoethylene glycol-based nanostructures.
  • To achieve controlled polymerization and high monomer conversion during PISA.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a peptide-based norbornenyl monomer as a hydrophobic unit.
  • Used an oligoethylene glycol-based norbornenyl monomer as a hydrophilic unit.
  • Conducted PISA at room temperature and high solids concentrations (20 wt %).

Main Results:

  • Achieved a range of nanostructures.
  • Maintained good control over polymerization.
  • Obtained high monomer conversion (>99%).
  • Demonstrated that the living polymerization was unaffected during the PISA process.

Conclusions:

  • Broadened the scope of PISA to include ROMP.
  • Established a new living polymerization methodology for PISA.
  • Enabled the in situ development of easily accessible, highly functionalized nanostructures.