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Association of Probiotics with Atopic Dermatitis among Infant: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
1Department of Dermatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, China.
Insights
Probiotics significantly reduce the risk of infantile atopic dermatitis in infants. However, they do not prevent IgE-associated atopic dermatitis or sensitive constitutions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Immunology
- Microbiome Research
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin condition in infants.
- The role of probiotics in preventing AD remains inconclusive.
- Existing research lacks definitive evidence on probiotic efficacy for infant AD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the association between probiotic supplementation and the risk of atopic dermatitis in infants.
- To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on probiotic use for infant AD prevention.
- To analyze subgroup effects, including IgE-associated AD and sensitive constitutions.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and CNKI databases.
- Inclusion of RCTs assessing probiotics for infant AD up to November 20, 2021.
- Meta-analysis using random or fixed effect models, sensitivity analysis, and bias analysis with Stata 12.0.
Main Results:
- A total of 8 trials involving 2575 infants were analyzed.
- Probiotics significantly reduced the overall incidence of childhood atopic dermatitis (RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78-0.95).
- No significant benefit was observed for IgE-associated infant AD (RR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.79-1.22) or sensitive constitutions (RR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.81-1.08).
Conclusions:
- Maternal probiotic intake during late pregnancy may lower the risk of infantile atopic dermatitis.
- Probiotics did not demonstrate efficacy in preventing IgE-associated infant AD or sensitive constitutions.
- Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and explore potential mechanisms.
Background:
Previous studies have explored the relationship between probiotics and risk of atopic dermatitis among infant; however, the results are still inconclusive. We aimed to assess the abovementioned association.
Methods:
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were retrieved for association between probiotics and atopic dermatitis with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) until Nov 20, 2021. The effect size was pooled by using random or fixed effect models according to the heterogeneity. Stata 12.0 was used for meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and bias analysis.
Results:
At the end of the screening article, 2575 infants were extracted from 8 trials and finally met the qualification criteria. In comparison to placebo, probiotics dramatically reduced incidence of childhood atopic dermatitis (RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78-0.95). However, probiotics did not exhibit benefit over placebo in preventing the development of either IgE-associated infant AD (RR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.79-1.22) or sensitive constitution (RR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.81-1.08). From the results of sensitivity and publication bias, we found that these results were robust with little publication bias.
Conclusion:
During the late stages of pregnancy, women taking probiotics could lower the risk of infantile atopic dermatitis, but not for IgE-associated infant AD or sensitive constitution. The results could provide evidence for the fibrosis. Future studies are needed to confirm the results.
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