Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 21, 2025
12:08
Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
Published on: June 11, 2012
19.0K
Hyperglycemia Post-Influenza Vaccine in Patients With Diabetes
Abigail L Hulsizer1,2, Amy P Witte3,2, Rebecca L Attridge4,2
1Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of North Texas System College of Pharmacy, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|June 2, 2022
Summary
Post-influenza vaccination, hyperglycemia was observed within 24 hours in patients with diabetes. This transient hyperglycemia resolved within two days, addressing concerns that may lower flu vaccination rates.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- Over 350 reports of post-influenza vaccine hyperglycemia exist in the Vaccine Adverse Effect Reporting System.
- Limited case reports and an unclear mechanism highlight the need for further investigation into post-vaccination hyperglycemia.
- This study addresses a gap in understanding the effects of influenza vaccination on blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of hyperglycemia within 24 hours following influenza vaccination.
- To assess the transient nature of post-vaccination hyperglycemia over a four-day period.
- To provide data for improved patient counseling and encourage flu vaccination among individuals with diabetes.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter prospective cohort study involving 34 diabetic patients (age ≥ 18) who monitor blood glucose daily.
- Fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c were measured pre-vaccination.
- Blood glucose was monitored within 24 hours post-vaccination and daily for four days.
Main Results:
- Median fasting glucose increased significantly from 140 mg/dL pre-vaccination to 203 mg/dL within 24 hours post-vaccination (P < 0.0001).
- Hyperglycemia was observed in the first 24 hours after vaccination.
- Blood glucose levels returned to baseline by post-vaccination day 2, indicating a transient effect.
Conclusions:
- Influenza vaccination can cause transient hyperglycemia in diabetic patients, typically resolving within two days.
- Understanding this temporary effect can alleviate patient concerns and potentially improve influenza vaccine uptake in this population.
- This research supports evidence-based counseling for diabetic patients regarding the influenza vaccine.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
356
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
356
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
723
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
723
01:16Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
277
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
277
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
3.0K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
3.0K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
3.3K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
3.3K
01:26Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
313
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
313